Which of the following factors can influence a resident's risk of falling?

The correct choice highlights the significant impact that physical health and medication have on a resident's risk of falling. Physical health directly affects mobility, strength, balance, and coordination—all of which are crucial for preventing falls. Conditions such as arthritis, neurological disorders, or general weakness can increase fall risk.

Moreover, medications can contribute to falls in multiple ways. Some medications may cause side effects like dizziness, drowsiness, or impaired coordination, which can heighten the likelihood of tripping or losing balance. Polypharmacy, or the use of multiple medications, often exacerbates these risks since the interactions between different drugs can create unforeseen complications.

While age and weight might seem relevant, and factors like income and education can have indirect effects on overall health and wellness, they do not impact the direct physical capability or reaction of a resident in the same way that physical health and medication do. Focusing on these core factors allows for more targeted interventions in a nursing home setting to reduce fall risks effectively.